The invention discloses a fertilizer-reducing and efficiency-enhancing cultivation method for Chaotian pepper, which comprises the following operating steps: (1) planting Chaotian pepper in front of a crop of corn, the whole plant is smashed and returned to the field after it has grown; (2) spraying quicklime before plowing the soil, then deep plowing the soil and shattering the soil; (3) ridging; (4) applying all the following fertilizers in sequence into a strip ditch as base fertilizer, organic fertilizer and biological bacterial fertilizer; High nitrogen controlled-release fertilizer and high potassium controlled-release fertilizer; (5) Spraying foliar fertilizer at the beginning of flowering, full flowering and full fruit stage, and applying water-soluble fertilizer 3-4 times in full fruit stage, and other treatments according to conventional management. The application of integrated water and fertilizer fertilization in the present invention saves labor cost greatly and reduces the consumption of chemical fertilizers by 10%-20%, increases the output by 3%-5% and increases the economic benefit by more than 10% when the combination of organic fertilizer, biological bacterial fertilizer, controlled release fertilizer, foliar fertilizer and water-soluble fertilizer is used.
【技术实现步骤摘要】
一种朝天椒化肥减施增效栽培方法
本专利技术涉及农作物种植
,特别涉及一种朝天椒化肥减施增效栽培方法。
技术介绍
朝天椒(CapsicumannuumL.var.conoides)是辣椒的一个变种,富含辣椒素、维生素C、辣椒红素等,具有重要的经济价值和工业价值。朝天椒是我国种植面积最大的干椒品种,栽培面积约25万hm2,占全国辣椒种植总面积的25﹪左右,与线椒、羊角椒并成我国三大干椒品种。朝天椒的经济效益高,每667m2产干椒300~350kg、鲜椒产量1500~2500kg,产值4500元左右,种植朝天椒已成为农户脱贫致富的重要途径之一。但近年来,朝天椒在种植的过程中存在化肥过量施用、施肥结构不平衡等突出问题,导致土壤板结、盐渍化、酸化等,不仅经济效益难以提高,还污染环境,造成生态环境恶化,严重制约了土壤和生态环境的可持续发展。为了实现蔬菜化肥减施增效,前人开展了平衡施肥、有机肥替代、秸秆还田、新型肥料、肥料机械深施和水肥一体化等减肥技术的研究,虽然对蔬菜化肥减施增效有一定促进作用,但由于各地土壤基础肥力、生产条件不同,不同蔬菜作物需肥量和需肥规律不同,通过上述技术研究取得的数据不能广泛指导全国各地蔬菜生产,因此需要针对朝天椒开展化肥减施增效技术研究。朝天椒是连续采收的蔬菜作物,需肥量大,农户为了获得高产长期大量施肥,随着劳动力和农资成本的不断增加,朝天椒的经济效益日益下滑,生态环境急剧恶化。如何提高朝天椒的经济效益并改善生态环境是当前亟需解决的难题。化学肥料减施是解决该问题的根本措施,同时化肥减施也是产业需求和农业部2020年行动方案要求。因此操作 ...
【技术保护点】
1.一种朝天椒化肥减施增效栽培方法,其特征在于,包含以下操作步骤:(1)种植朝天椒前轮作一茬玉米,玉米成株后整株打碎还田;(2)翻耕土壤前撒施生石灰,然后深翻土壤并将土壤打碎整平;(3)起畦;(4)以下肥料按顺序全部施入条形沟做基肥,有机肥1.00~1.20t/667m
【技术特征摘要】
1.一种朝天椒化肥减施增效栽培方法,其特征在于,包含以下操作步骤:(1)种植朝天椒前轮作一茬玉米,玉米成株后整株打碎还田;(2)翻耕土壤前撒施生石灰,然后深翻土壤并将土壤打碎整平;(3)起畦;(4)以下肥料按顺序全部施入条形沟做基肥,有机肥1.00~1.20t/667m2,生物菌肥15.00~20.00kg/667m2,高氮控释肥30.00~40.00kg/667m2、高钾控释肥30.00~40.00kg/667m2;(5)始花、盛花及盛果期,喷施叶面肥,盛果期用水肥一体化追施3~4次水溶肥,每次3.00~5.00kg/667m2,间隔7...
【专利技术属性】
技术研发人员:吴星,王日升,喻忠刚,赵虎,王萌,赵曾菁,龚明霞,何志,
申请(专利权)人:广西壮族自治区农业科学院,
类型:发明
国别省市:广西,45
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